![]() ![]() Studies have found that less than 10% of patients that are considered to have minor head injuries have positive findings on CT and less than 1% require neurosurgical intervention. ![]() 6 Neuroimaging is, of course, costly and can consume scanner time that may be used for patients with other indications. Not all head trauma patients require neuroimaging. The reader is referred to a separate review on imaging of animal models of TBI published in the current volume. The following review will discuss the indications for imaging patients with TBI, review the roles of x-ray computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and angiography in the management of TBI, and discuss potential future applications of these imaging modalities. ![]() 4 Imaging also can be important in the chronic therapy of TBI, identifying chronic sequelae, determining prognosis, and guiding rehabilitation. 4 Because prompt proper management of TBI sequelae can significantly alter their course especially within 48 h of the injury, neuroimaging techniques, which can determine the presence and extent of the injury and guide surgical planning and minimally invasive interventions, play important roles in the acute therapy of TBI. 1 – 3 TBI accounts for up to 10% of the health care budget and an estimated annual cost to society of $30 billion. Studies have estimated that nearly 1.6 million head injuries occur in the United States each year, resulting in over 50,000 deaths and over 70,000 patients with permanent neurological deficits. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an extremely common and potentially devastating problem. ![]()
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